Realism

    Currently, Pakistan is facing the worst economic crisis of its history. There are numerous reasons of this grim situation. And, experts have been writing dozens of papers, articles and blogs to highlight the reasons of the issue.   However, there is one aspect which has been failed to grab attention of the pundits. The area is unplanned growing literacy rate of women in Pakistan which has been denting the economy.   The revelation is very bizarre but true. When education was less common among women in 50s,60s, and even upto to late 90s , they were playing pivotal role in the economy. In rural areas, they used to work in farmlands and cultivate crops and vegetables, at least for their domestic use. Due to the role,  the country was self sufficient in meeting demands of food to a greater extent.   Similarly,  there were domestic animals - cow, buffalo and goat- in almost every house. Housewives used to get dairy products from them. There was no deart...

    Pakistan is one of the poor countries of the world and weak economic condition is always a concern. Its stakeholders have to rely on loans, aids and concesstions for fulfilling financial needs of the country. Dozens of seminars have been conducted by its think-tanks and hundreds of papers have been published by its policymakers to fix the bleeding economy but signs of sustainable economic growth are still very bleak.   Though there are numerous reasons of crippling economy of the country, hostile political culture of the country is a major stumbling block in the way of sustainable economic growth. And, one can justify the claim with ease. First of all, economy only thrives in stable political environment. Unfortunately, the leverage is alien in Pakistan. More often, political environment remains charged. Right from days of independence, opposition and some other non-political actors always try to keep the government under their influence. On one hand, it is almos...

    For more than a decade, successive democratic governments have been ruling Pakistan. Three consecutive elections have been held in it and three different parties have made their governments at the center through these elections. Meanwhile, government of Pakistan Tareek Insaf (PTI) had to leave the office in March 2022 due to a no confidence move which was also a democratic action.  Despite all these positive developments in the recent past, future of democracy is very bleak in the country. And, there are numerous factors which are responsible for fledgling democratic setup in Pakistan.  Firstly, almost all major political parties of Pakistan are non-democratic in nature. There is no proper framework of fair democratic intra-party elections because top slots of these parties  are only for members of few influential families, feudal lords, tribal leaders and business tycoons. A common worker has no chance of social mobility in the setup.   Meanwhile,...

   South Asia (SA) is home of eight countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India,Pakistan,Maldives,Nepal and Sirilanka.  SA  is a diverse region and people of different religions and ethnicities are living in it. Meanwhile, the area is also home of two nuclear powers:India and Pakistan. The region is lying at the edge of Indian Ocean. Therefore, it has great importance from geographical and geo-startegic point of view. The states have also a regional organization known as South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation to harness the fruits of its typical geography.    Despite all these positive aspects, SA is one of the backward regions of the world. There are plethora of challenges and issues which are haunting the progress of the area.    First of all, hostile ties among countries of the area are major stumbling block in the way of properity and development. India and Pakistan are two giants of the region. They have very tense relations. ...

Political situation of the world is ever changing phenomenon. In every moment of the time, states try to develop new alliances suitable to pursue their national interests. Similarly, countries leave their old friends when their relations start hearting their interests. To understand the mechanism of this making and breaking situation, pundits of politics have been presenting their viewpoints for years. Up till now, realism, idealism, neo realism, neo idealism, constructionism, Marxism, modernism and post modernism are the well-known theories which were given by different scholars. However, realism is the most dominant theory among them. In most cases, states deal with different political situations more or less in the way which was presented by the realists. According to proponents of this theory, states always aim to gain power by hook or by crook. To attain their goals, states do not care about moral values. Moreover, according to realists, there is no rule of law in the world and se...